ABSTRACT Introduction: Scientometrics is the field concerned with measuring and analyzing academic literature, using specific metrics and data from bibliometric databases. Hematology is a broad area of science and medicine, from which several landmark scientific discoveries have emerged. Objective: The aim of this report is to provide a snapshot of the landscape of hematology research in Brazil, based on a comprehensive analysis of published studies in hematology whose authors were affiliated to Brazilian institutions from 1980 to 2020. Method: Articles, reviews and letters to the editor with at least one author affiliated to a Brazilian institution were retrieved from Incytes/Web of Science or Scopus databases. Importantly, only papers classified in the subject area “Hematology” by the embedded algorithms of each database were included. Results: Considering all published papers, Brazil is in the 22nd position, contributing with around 1.1% of papers in this period. A clear and sustained increase in publication output can be observed from the early 1990’s to the present moment. Publicly-funded higher education institutions were the main contributors to the development and consolidation of the hematology scientific community, which has grown in diversity, with an increasing number of contributions from private institutions. In regard to funding, public agencies have been and remain by large as the most important funder of research in hematology in Brazil. Conclusion: We suggest that continuous monitoring of the temporal trends of some of the data compiled in our report could potentially contribute to a clearer picture of the development of hematology research in Brazil.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Although not mandatory, medical residency has become a sine qua non condition for practicing in most medical specialties in Brazil. Residency programs are hosted mainly by university accredited academic centers and hospitals in the national public healthcare system, under guidance and accreditation by a national commission. Despite the importance of these programs for the development of the hematology workforce, few studies have addressed their characteristics and impact on society. Methods: We performed a comprehensive cross-sectional survey of a 35-year alumni cohort from a hematology academic residency program in Brazil. Results: In total, 86/98 (87.8%) responded to the survey. The mean age at residency completion was 28.5 years, 60.5% of the alumni were women and sixty-four (74.4%) self-declared their skin color as white. Higher rates of parental education attainment and low rates of trainee financial dependence were observed and these patterns were stable over time. While the proportion of trainees from other states increased steadily, the number of hematologists practicing in other states remained stable. Approximately half of the alumni worked both in the private and public sectors, mainly in malignant hematology and in outpatient clinics. Twenty-five percent of the alumni reported prior leadership and teaching positions, mainly as directors of transfusion services. Conclusion: Our results provide data that can be potentially useful for policymakers and curricular development in the planning of strategies concerning the future workforce of hematologists.

Resumo: Neste estudo, faz-se uso do método dinâmico e a técnica de ressonância de barras para medir as constantes elásticas da ZF da junta soldada de um aço estrutural ASTM Grau A36. A geometria, massa e frequência de ressonância (na flexão e na torção), de amostras com seção transversal retangular, são usadas para determinar as características elásticas e homogeneidade da junta soldada e do metal base pela norma ASTM E1875-13. As demais propriedades da junta soldada são determinadas pelos ensaios convencionais de tração, impacto (Charpy V), dureza e por microscopia ótica, difração de raios-X e EDS acoplada ao MEV. Os resultados dos ensaios convencionais quantificaram valores dentro dos padrões estabelecidos por norma, demonstraram a formação de fase típica sem a formação de novas fases e a dureza média foi 10% maior na ZF, o comportamento de fratura se mostrou dúctil. O refino de grão na região revelou uma maior quantidade de perlita e maior teor de elementos de liga, as constantes elásticas foram alteradas em relação ao MB de 4,9% a mais para o módulo de Young, 7,65% maior para o cisalhamento e 11,7% menor para a razão de Poisson, mostrando assim que o método é viável tanto para prever no MB e na ZF os valores das constantes elásticas.

Abstract: In this study, the bar resonance technique is used to measure the elastic constants of the welded joint of an ASTM Grade A36 structural steel. The geometry, mass and resonant frequency (flexion and torsion) of samples with rectangular cross section are used to determine the elastic characteristics and homogeneity of the welding and base metal by ASTM E1875-13.The other properties of the weld joint are determined by the conventional tests of traction, impact (Charpy V), hardness and microstructural characterization by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and EDS coupled to MEV. The results of the conventional tests quantified values within the norms established by the standard, demonstrated the typical phase formation without the formation of new phases and the average hardness was 10% higher in the ZF, the fracture behavior was ductile. The grain refining in the region revealed a higher amount of perlite and higher alloying content. The elastic constants were changed in relation to the 4.9% higher MB for Young's modulus, 7.65% higher for shear and 11.7% lower for Poisson's ratio, thus showing that the method is feasible to predict both MB and ZF elastic constant values

Resumo A gravidez ectópica é a principal causa de morte materna no primeiro trimestre, e ocorre em 1 a 2% das gestações. Mais de 90% ocorrem nas tubas uterinas. Gravidez abdominal refere-se à gravidez ectópica implantada na cavidade peritoneal, externamente ao útero e às tubas uterinas.Aincidência estimada éde 1 por 10mil nascimentos e 1,4%das gravidezes ectópicas. A litopedia é um tipo raro de gravidez ectópica, e ocorre quando o feto de uma gravidez abdominal não reconhecida morre e se calcifica. O “bebê de pedra” resultante pode não ser detectado por décadas, e pode causar complicações futuras. A litopedia é um evento muito raro que ocorre em 0,0054% de todas as gestações. Cerca de 1,5 a 1,8% dos bebês abdominais se tornam litopédios. Existem somente cerca de 330 casos conhecidos de litopedia no mundo. Descrevemos uma litopedia que se agravou, tornando-se uma obstrução intestinal, em uma idosa de 71 anos.

Abstract Ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of pregnancy-related death during the first trimester, and it occurs in 1 to 2% of pregnancies. Over 90% of ectopic pregnancies are located in the fallopian tube. Abdominal pregnancy refers to an ectopic pregnancy that has implanted in the peritoneal cavity, external to the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. The estimated incidence is 1 per 10,000 births and 1.4%of ectopic pregnancies. Lithopedion is a rare type of ectopic pregnancy, and it occurs when the fetus from an unrecognized abdominal pregnancymay die and calcify. The resulting “stone baby” may not be detected for decades andmay cause a variety of complications. Lithopedion is a very rare event that occurs in 0.0054% of all gestations. About 1.5 to 1.8% of the abdominal babies develop into lithopedion. There are only ~ 330 known cases of lithopedion in the world. We describe a lithopedion that complicated as intestinal obstruction in a 71-year-old woman.

Abstract Introduction The scientific literature has shown that the damage caused by sleep fragmentation in people affected by Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) can reflect emotionally, generating not only physical symptoms such as drowsiness and tiredness, but also psychical symptoms, such as stress. Objective This study aimed at comparing symptoms of stress in patients with moderate or severe OSA, before and after twomonths of treatment (clinical or surgical). Method This is an Individual, prospective, longitudinal, and interventional study. All patients underwent polysomnography before treatment.We collected data through the application of Stress Symptoms Inventory for Adults Lipp (ISSL) before and after two months of medical or surgical treatment for moderate or severe OSA. Results The sample consisted of 18 patients (72.2% male) with a mean age of 51.83 years. We found that 77.8% (n = 14) of patients had stress in the first evaluation. In the second evaluation (after treatment), this reduced to 16.7% (n = 3). The average stress symptoms decreased from the first to the second evaluation (M = 13.78 andM = 6.17, respectively), being statistically significant (z = -3.53; p < 0.000). Conclusions We found that moderate and severe apnea patients have significant stress index and that, after two months of medical or surgical treatment, there is a significant reduction of the symptom. In addition, the patients with severe OSA had a better outcome regarding the reduction of stress index than patients with moderate OSA.

Na segunda metade da década de 60, entre obras como Édipo Rei (1967) e Medeia (1969), Pasolini projetou realizar um filme-poema "sobre o Terceiro Mundo". Dessa "espécie de documentário, um ensaio", nas suas próprias palavras, foram preservados vários fragmentos em película. Entre eles estão as Notas para uma Oresteia africana (1968-69), uma tentativa de transposição da obra de Ésquilo na África moderna pós-colonial - e de chegar assim à projeção e deslocação da forma e do mito trágicos num espaço e num tempo extrâneos que lhe resistem por inerência. No contexto deste projeto, a ambição de Pasolini de ressuscitar e ressituar o coro grego antigo "nas suas situações reais, realísticas, quotidianas" da África do século XX mostra ser especialmente relevante não apenas para reavaliar a figura - essencialmente paradoxal - de um coro trágico moderno, mas também para reconsiderar a construção do espaço dramático, assim como o conceito de representação em geral.

During the second half of the 1960s, among such works as King Oedipus (1967) and Medea (1969), Pasolini planned to direct a film-poem "about the Third World". From this "sort of documentary, an essay", in his own words, several fragments have remained on film. Among them are the Notes towards an African Oresteia(1968-69), an effort to transpose Aeschylus' work onto post-colonial modern Africa - and therefore to arrive at the projection and displacement of tragic form and myth onto an extraneous space and time that intrinsically tend to resist it. In the context of this project, Pasolini's ambition to revive and relocate the ancient Greek chorus in several "real, realistic, daily situations" of 20th century Africa remains especially relevant not only to reassess the essentially paradoxical figure of a modern tragic chorus, but also to reconsider the construction of dramatic space as well as the concept of representation in general.

Pendant la deuxième moitié des années 60, parmi des oeuvres comme Oedipe-Roi (1967) et Médée (1969), Pasolini eut le projet de réaliser un film-poème "sur le tiers-monde". De cette "espèce de documentaire, un essai", dans ses propres mots, plusieurs fragments ont été préservés, parmi lesquels les Notes pour une Orestie africaine(1968-69), une tentative de transposition de l'oeuvre d'Eschyle dans l'Afrique moderne post-coloniale - et d'arriver ainsi à la projection et au déplacement de la forme et du mythe tragiques dans un espace et un temps étrangers qui lui résistent intrinsèquement. Dans ce contexte, l'ambition de Pasolini de faire revivre et de re-situer le choeur grec ancien dans les "situations réelles, réalistes, quotidiennes" de l'Afrique du XXème siècle s'avère être particulièrement importante non seulement pour considérer encore la figure - essentiellement paradoxale - d'un choeur tragique moderne, mais aussi pour repenser la construction de l'espace dramatique ainsi que le concept de représentation en général.

Introdução:Os lipomas consistem em tumores benignos com origem mesenquimal que podem ser observados nos locais onde, normalmente, têm-se a presença de tecido adiposo. A localização mais comum para estas lesões consiste no tronco e na porção terminal das extremidades, sendo, porém, possível a ocorrência destas lesões na cavidade oral.Objetivo:O presente trabalho visa realizar uma breve revisão de literatura sobre os LO, bem como relatar um casos clínico.Material e método:No presente trabalho foi realizado o tratamento cirúrgico de um paciente com aumento de volume em região de mucosa jugal.Resultado e conclusão: O presente trabalho apresenta um caso clínico de um lipoma bem como o tratamento satisfatório do caso sem recidiva da lesão.

Introduction: Lipomas consist of benign tumors of mesenchymal origin that may be found in locations where adipose tissue is normally present. The most common locations for these tumors are the trunk and the end-points of the extremities. However, these tumors may occur in the oral cavity.Objective: The present study conducts a brief review of the literature on oral lipoma (OL) and reports a clinical case.Material and Method: Surgical treatment of a patient with swelling in the region of the jugal mucosa was performed for the present study.Result and conclusion: The present study presents a clinical case of a lipoma, as well as the satisfactory treatment of the case with no recurrence of the tumor.

Introduction There are several studies on the pathophysiology and prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), however, few studies address the epidemiological profile of these patients. Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with OSAS referred to the Sleep Medicine clinic. Methods Cross-sectional individualized study covering 57 patients who were referred from the general ENT clinic to the Sleep Medicine clinic. Results Classification of OSAS: 16% had primary snoring, 14% mild OSAS, 18% moderate OSAS, and 52% severe OSAS. Distribution according to weight: 7% had normal weight, 2% were overweight (BMI 2530), 37% grade I obesity (BMI 25.1 to 30); 9% grade II obesity (BMI 30.1 to 35) and grade III obesity (BMI greater than 35) in 45% of cases. Distribution Friedmann stage: 9% were classified as grade I, 35% were considered grade II, 54% as grade III and 2% as grade IV. Treatment adopted: 46% were treated with CPAP; 19% were treated with surgery; oral appliance was designed for 14% patients, 7% were given roncoplastic injection and 7% positional therapy. A new polysomnography was asked to 5% of patients. To 2% of patients given the oral appliance was due to treatment failure with roncoplastic injection. Conclusion Most of the patients are male, obese and with moderate or severe OSAS. Snoring and daytime excessive sleepiness were the most common symptoms. The surgical procedures employed in this service (roncoplastic injection, UPPP and lateral pharyngoplasty) followed the recommendations of the available literature.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of high-dose sequential chemotherapy in a Brazilian population. METHODS: High-dose cyclophosphamide followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective and feasible therapy for refractory/relapsed lymphomas; this regimen has never before been evaluated in a Brazilian population. All patients (106 with high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 77 with Hodgkin's lymphoma) submitted to this treatment between 1998 and 2006 were analyzed. Chemotherapy consisted of the sequential administration of high-dose cyclophosphamide (4 or 7 g/m²) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (300 µg/day), followed by peripheral blood progenitor cell harvesting, administration of etoposide (2g/m²) and methotrexate (8 g/m² only for Hodgkin's lymphoma) and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. RESULTS: At diagnosis, non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients had a median age of 45 (range: 8-65) years old, 78% had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and 83% had stage III/IV disease. The Hodgkin's lymphoma patients had a median age of 23 (range: 7-68) years old, 64.9% had the nodular sclerosis subtype and 65% had stage III/IV disease. Nine Hodgkin's lymphoma patients (13%) and 10 (9%) non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients had some kind of cardiac toxicity. The overall survival, disease-free survival and progression-free survival in Hodgkin's lymphoma were 29%, 59% and 26%, respectively. In non-Hodgkin lymphoma, these values were 40%, 49% and 31%, respectively. High-dose cyclophosphamide-related mortality was 10% for Hodgkin's lymphoma and 5% for non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients. High-dose cyclophosphamide dosing had no impact on toxicity or survival for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Despite a greater prevalence of poor prognostic factors, our results are comparable to the literature. The incidence of secondary neoplasias is noteworthy. Our study suggests that this approach is efficient and feasible, regardless of toxicity-related mortality.

A proposta deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia da HDS seguida do transplante autólogo como terapia de salvamento através da sobrevida global, livre de doença e livre de progressão bem como sua toxicidade. Realizou-se estudo retrospectivo com 106 pacientes com LNH de alto grau de malignidade entre 1998 e 2006. A mediana de idade foi 45 anos (8-65); 62% homens; DLBCL, 78%; 12%, T e anaplásico e 9%, linfoma da zona do manto; 87%, células B; 83% estádios III-IV; 63% com sintomas B; 32% com infiltração da medula óssea ao diagnóstico; 62% com grande massa e 42% com IPI de alto risco ou intermediário. Após alta dose de ciclofosfamida (HDCY), nove pacientes faleceram. Oitenta pacientes realizaram o transplante, sendo que 47% estavam em RC e 15% faleceram devido à toxicidade. A sobrevida global foi de 45% em oito anos para estes pacientes. Trinta e cinco pacientes não realizaram o transplante por causas diversas. Sobrevida global para todos os pacientes foi de 42%, DLBCL, 40%; T-cell, 40% e zona do manto, 20% (P=NS). Pacientes que obtiveram RC após HDCY tiveram melhor sobrevida global e livre de progressão (38% e 17%, respectivamente) do que os que permaneceram em PD (P<0.0001). O modelo de Cox resultou que o número de linhas terapêuticas antes da HDCY (RR 1.41 IC 95%: 1.04-1.90, P=0.02) e PD antes da HDCY (RR 2.70, IC 95%: 1.49-4.91, P<0.001) e após HDCY (RR 5.38, IC 95%: 2.93-9.87, P<0.0001). Nosso estudo sugere que HDS é um método eficiente de tratamento para melhorar o status e reduzir a massa tumoral. Em relação à toxicidade, é factível, especialmente em pacientes de prognóstico ruim

Using the overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS) and progression free survival (PFS), as well as associated toxicity, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of HDS followed by ASCT as salvage therapy. A retrospective analysis was performed of 106 patients with high grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma receiving HDS followed by ASCT, between 1998 and 2006. Median age was 45 years (Range: 8-65), with 66 (62%) men. Histopathological classification was: 78% DLBCL patients, 12% T and anaplastic and 9% Mantle cell lymphomas; 87% had B cell and 12% T cell lymphomas; 83% were stage III-IV (Ann Arbor Staging), 63% had B symptoms, 32% had bone marrow involvement, 62% bulky disease and 42% high-intermediate or high risk IPI. After HDCY, 9 patients died, 7 from toxicity and 2 from sepsis. Eighty patients underwent ASCT, 47% were in complete remission (CR) and 15% died, all from toxicity. Their OS was 45% over 8 years. During the follow-up, another 35 patients died [4 CR, 1 partial response (PR), 2 relapsed disease (RD) and 28 disease progression (DP)], 11 (31%) had not performed ASCT. OS was 37%; DFS was 49% and PFS 28%. OS by diagnosis was 42% for DLBCL, 40% for T-cell (8 y) and 20% for Mantle Cell (6 y) (P=NS). OS by B symptom patients was 22% vs. 58% (P=0.002) and PFS was 23% vs. 37% (P=0.03). Patients who achieved CR after HDCY (38) had significantly better OS and PFS (38% and 17%) than patients who remained in DP (P<0.0001). Cox Regression demonstrated therapeutic lines before HDCY (Relative risk - RR = 1.41; CI 95%: 1.04-1.90; P= 0.02) and PD both before (RR = 2.70; CI 95%: 1.49-4.91, P<0.001) and after HDCY (RR = 5.38; 95% CI: 2.93-9.87; P<0.0001). Conclusions: Our study suggests HDS is an efficient treatment to improve status and to reduce tumoral burden. Regardless of toxicity-related mortality it is feasible, especially considering the poor prognosis of patients.